Title: Carbonyl Sulfide
CAS Registry Number: 463-58-1
CAS Name: Carbon oxide sulfide (COS)
Additional Names: carbon oxysulfide
Molecular Formula: COS
Molecular Weight: 60.08
Percent Composition: C 19.99%, O 26.63%, S 53.37%
Line Formula: O=C=S
Literature References: Fluid found in petroleum and coal refinery gases and in coal gassification streams; impurity in commercial sources of propane. Prepn: C. Than, Ann. 5, 236 (1867). Thermodynamic properties: J. D. Kemp, W. F. Giauque, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 59, 79 (1937). Photolysis and extinction coefficient measurements: G. S. Forbes, J. E. Cline, ibid. 61, 151 (1939). Potentiometric determn in petroleum gases: D. B. Bruss et al., Anal. Chem. 29, 807 (1957). Hydrolysis in water-propane systems: W. C. Andersen, T. J. Bruno, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 42, 963 (2003). Use as a grain fumigant: H. J. Banks et al., WO 9313659; eidem, US 6203824 (1993, 2001 both to CSIRO). Uptake in grain products: P. C. Annis et al., J. Agric. Food Chem. 48, 3646 (2000). Review of chemistry: R. J. Ferm, Chem. Rev. 57, 621-640 (1957); P. D. N. Svoronos, T. J. Bruno, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 41, 5321-5336 (2002); of development as a fumigant: E. J. Wright, Proc. Austral. Postharvest Tech. Conf., Canberra 2003 224-229 (2003); of toxicology: A. R. Bartholomaeus, V. S. Haritos, Food Chem. Toxicol. 43, 1687-1701 (2005).
Properties: Colorless gas, bp -50.2°. mp -138.8°. Odorless when very pure. n 1.3785. Liquid density (174 K): 1.274 g/cm3. Vapor density (25°, 1 atm): 2.4849 ±0.0005 g/l. Critical temp 105°. Critical press 61 atm. Soly at 1 atm (ml/ml): water 0.80 (13.5°); toluene 15.0 (22.0°). Log P (octanol/water): ~0.8. uv max: 208, 225 nm. Flammable in air at conc. of 12-28.5% (v/v). LD50 i.p. in rats: 22.5 mg/kg. LC50 by inhalation (mg/m3): 2940 in mice (35 min); 2650 in rats (4 h) (Bartholomaeus, Haritos).
Melting point: mp -138.8°
Boiling point: bp -50.2°
Index of refraction: n 1.3785
Log P: Log P (octanol/water): ~0.8
Absorption maximum: uv max: 208, 225 nm
Density: 1.274; 2.4849
Toxicity data: LD50 i.p. in rats: 22.5 mg/kg; LC50 by inhalation (mg/m3): 2940 in mice (35 min); 2650 in rats (4 h) (Bartholomaeus, Haritos)
CAUTION: Potential symptoms of overexposure are related to carbonyl sulfide hydrolysis to form hydrogen sulfide, q.v.
Use: Grain fumigant. |