Title: DDT
CAS Registry Number: 50-29-3
CAS Name: 1,1¢-(2,2,2-Trichloroethylidene)bis[4-chlorobenzene]
Additional Names: 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane; a,a-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-b,b,b-trichlorethane; dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane; chlorophenothane; clofenotane; dicophane; pentachlorin; p,p¢-DDT
Trademarks: Gesapon; Gesarex; Gesarol
Molecular Formula: C14H9Cl5
Molecular Weight: 354.49
Percent Composition: C 47.43%, H 2.56%, Cl 50.01%
Literature References: Polychlorinated nondegradable pesticide; has been used as an ectoparasiticide. Prepn: Zeidler, Ber. 7, 1180 (1874); P. Müller, US 2329074 (1944 to Geigy); Rueggeberg, Torrans, Ind. Eng. Chem. 38, 211 (1946); Cook et al., ibid. 39, 868, 1683 (1947). Convenient lab procedures: Bailes, J. Chem. Educ. 22, 122 (1945); Ginsburg, Science 108, 339 (1948). Large scale production: Mosher et al., Ind. Eng. Chem. 38, 916 (1946). Chemical composition of technical grade: H. L Haller et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 67, 1591 (1945). Activity: P. Müller, Helv. Chim. Acta 29, 1560 (1946). Comprehensive monograph (in English and German): DDT, P. Müller, Ed., 3 vols (Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel and Stuttgart, 1955). Toxicity data: Gaines, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2, 88 (1960); 14, 515 (1969). Review of toxicology and human exposure: Toxicological Profile for DDT, DDE, DDD (PB2003-100137, 2002) 497 pp; of toxicology and environmental impact: V. Turusov et al., Environ. Health Perspect. 110, 125-128 (2002).
Properties: Biaxial elongated tablets, needles from 95% alc. mp 108.5-109°. uv max (95% alc): 236 nm. Vapor pressure at 20° = 1.5 ´ 10-7 mm Hg. Practically insol in water, dil acids, alkalies. Soly (g/100 ml): acetone 58; benzene 78; benzyl benzoate 42; carbon tetrachloride 45; chlorobenzene 74; cyclohexanone 116; 95% alc 2; ethyl ether 28; gasoline 10; isopropanol 3; kerosene 8-10; morpholine 75; peanut oil 11; pine oil 10-16; tetralin 61; tributyl phosphate 50; freely sol in pyridine, dioxane. The soly in organic solvents increases sharply with a rise in temp. Resistant to destruction by light and oxidation. Its unusual stability has resulted in difficulties in residue removal from water, soil and foodstuffs. Should not be kept in iron containers and should not be mixed with iron and aluminum salts nor with alkaline substances. High storage temps should also be avoided. Setting point of technical grade: 88.6-91.4°. LD50 in male, female rats (mg/kg): 113, 118 orally (Gaines, 1960).
Melting point: mp 108.5-109°
Absorption maximum: uv max (95% alc): 236 nm
Toxicity data: LD50 in male, female rats (mg/kg): 113, 118 orally (Gaines, 1960)
CAUTION: Poisoning may occur by ingestion or by absorption through skin or respiratory tract. Potential symptoms of overexposure are numbness, paresthesias, malaise, headache, sore throat, fatigue, weakness, coarse tremors, convulsions and coma; death due to respiratory failure. See Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products, R. E. Gosselin et al., Eds. (Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 5th ed., 1984) Section III, pp 134-138. This substance is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen: Report on Carcinogens, Eleventh Edition (PB2005-104914, 2004) p III-89.
Use: Contact insecticide. |