Title: Picrotoxin
CAS Registry Number: 124-87-8
Trademarks: Cocculin
Molecular Formula: C30H34O13
Molecular Weight: 602.58
Percent Composition: C 59.80%, H 5.69%, O 34.52%
Literature References: Bitter principle isolated from the seed of Anamirta cocculus L. Wight & Arn., Menispermaceae, also found in Tinomiscium philippinense Diels. Molecular compd of one mole picrotoxinin and one mole picrotin, q.q.v., into which it is readily separated. Extraction procedure: Clark, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 57, 1111 (1935). Chemical bibliography: Helv. Chim. Acta 32, 1859 (1949). Crystal and molecular structure: L. Dupont et al., Acta Crystallogr. B32, 2987 (1976). Toxicity study: I. Setnikar et al., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 128, 176 (1960).
Properties: Intensely bitter shiny rhomboid leaflets, mp 203°. Very poisonous! [a]D16 -29.3° (c = 4 in abs ethanol). One gram dissolves in ~350 ml water, in ~5 ml boiling water, in 13.5 ml 95% ethanol, in ~3 ml boiling alcohol. Sparingly sol in ether, chloroform. Readily sol in strong ammonia water, in aq solns of NaOH. Highly toxic to fish. LD50 i.p. in mice: 7.2 mg/kg (Setnikar).
Melting point: mp 203°
Optical Rotation: [a]D16 -29.3° (c = 4 in abs ethanol)
Toxicity data: LD50 i.p. in mice: 7.2 mg/kg (Setnikar)
Therap-Cat: CNS and respiratory stimulant.
Therap-Cat-Vet: CNS stimulant, antidote to barbiturates.
Keywords: CNS Stimulant; Respiratory Stimulant. |