Interleukin-6

Literature References: Pleiotropic cytokine produced by T-cells, monocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and keratinocytes. Glycoprotein occurring in at least 5 isoforms; mol wt 23-30 kDa. Human IL-6 contains 184 amino acid residues. Critical factor in host defense, regulating immune and inflammatory responses. Stimulates B-cell differentiation and antibody production; induces production of hepatic acute-phase protein synthesis; regulates bone metabolism; and synergizes with IL-3, q.v., in megakaryocyte development and platelet production. Identification of factor produced by fibroblasts under conditions for IFN-b production: P. B. Sehgal, A. D. Sagar, Nature 288, 95 (1980). Description of multiple identities and proposed designation as IL-6: J. Van Damme et al., Eur. J. Biochem. 168, 543 (1987); P. Poupart et al., EMBO J. 6, 1219 (1987). Use as predictor of mortality in coronary artery disease: E. Lindmark et al., J. Am. Med. Assoc. 286, 2107 (2001). Review of discovery and biological significance: M. C. J. Wolvekamp, R. L. Marquet, Immunol. Lett. 24, 1-10 (1990). Role in aging processes: W. B. Ershler, J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 41, 176-181 (1993). Clinical potential in chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia: G. J. Veldhuis et al., Leuk. Lymphoma 20, 373-379 (1996). Comprehensive review: M. Lotz, Cancer Treat. Res. 80, 209-233 (1995). Review of role in lymphoproliferative disorders: J. F. Seymour, R. Kurzrock, ibid. 84, 167-206 (1996).