Title: Vinyl Chloride
CAS Registry Number: 75-01-4
CAS Name: Chloroethylene
Molecular Formula: C2H3Cl
Molecular Weight: 62.50
Percent Composition: C 38.43%, H 4.84%, Cl 56.72%
Line Formula: CH2=CHCl
Literature References: Prepd from ethylene dichloride and alcoholic potassium: Regnault, Ann. 14, 22 (1835); by halogenation of ethylene: Miller, Jenks, US 2896000 (1959 to National Distillers and Chemical Corp.). Review of mfg processes: Faith, Keyes & Clark's Industrial Chemicals, F. A. Lowenheim, M. K. Moran, Eds. (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 4th ed., 1975) pp 868-873. Acute toxicity study: L. Prodan et al., Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 246, 154 (1975). Series of articles on toxicology and "vinyl chloride disease": ibid. 1-337. Review: in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology vol. 12 (John Wiley & Sons, 3rd ed., 1983) pp 865-885. Review of carcinogenic risk: IARC Monographs 19, 377-437 (1979); of toxicology and human exposure: Toxicological Profile for Vinyl Chloride (PB98-101132, 1997) 277 pp.
Properties: Colorless gas; mild, sweet odor. Liquefies in a freezing mixture. Polymerizes in light or in presence of catalyst. mp -153.8°. bp -13.37°. d420 0.9106. nD20 1.3700. Vapor pressure at 20°: 2530 mm Hg. Flammable. Flash pt, closed cup: -78°C (-112°F). Sol in alc, ether, carbon tetrachloride, benzene. Slightly sol in water. LD50 in mice, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits (mg/l): 293.75, 390, 595, 295 by inhalation (Prodan).
Melting point: mp -153.8°
Boiling point: bp -13.37°
Flash point: Flash pt, closed cup: -78°C (-112°F)
Index of refraction: nD20 1.3700
Density: d420 0.9106
Toxicity data: LD50 in mice, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits (mg/l): 293.75, 390, 595, 295 by inhalation (Prodan)
CAUTION: Potential symptoms of overexposure are weakness; abdominal pain, GI bleeding; hepatomegaly; pallor or cyanosis of extremities; direct contact with liquid may cause frostbite. See NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS/NIOSH 97-140, 1997) p 330. See also Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology vol. 2E, G. D. Clayton, F. E. Clayton, Eds. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 4th ed., 1994) pp 4169-4177. This substance is listed as a known human carcinogen: Report on Carcinogens, Eleventh Edition (PB2005-104914, 2004) p III-272.
Use: In the plastics industry to manuf polyvinyl chloride; in organic syntheses. Has been used as refrigerant, spray can propellant. |