Streptogramins

Literature References: Family of related antibiotic complexes produced by variety of soil organisms of the genus Streptomyces. Consists of two types of antibacterial components: a polyunsaturated macrolactone (Group A, Type II) and a cyclic hexadepsipeptide (Group B, Type I). Both groups inhibit bacterial growth by preventing the translation of mRNA by binding to the bacterial ribosome and act synergistically. Isoln of complex from Streptomyces graminofaciens: J. Charney et al., Antibiot. Chemother. 3, 1283 (1953). Each strain specific complex and its respective components were named to reflect the producing strain, however structural studies showed considerable overlap see Pristinamycin, Virginiamycin, q.q.v. Nomenclature: P. Crooy, R. De Neys, J. Antibiot. 25, 371 (1972). Mechanism of action: B. T. Porse, R. A. Garrett, J. Mol. Biol. 286, 375 (1999). Review of isolations, identification and activity: D. Vazquez, Antibiotics vol. 1, D. Gottlieb, P. D. Shaw, Eds. (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1967) pp 387-403; vol. 3, J. W. Corcoran, F. E. Hahn, Eds. (1975) pp 521-534. Review: J.-C. Pechère, Drugs 51, Suppl. 1, 13-19 (1996); of chemistry and biological activity: J. C. Barrière et al., Curr. Pharm. Des. 4, 155-180 (1998).