Title: Propylene
CAS Registry Number: 115-07-1
CAS Name: 1-Propene
Additional Names: methylethylene; methylethene
Molecular Formula: C3H6
Molecular Weight: 42.08
Percent Composition: C 85.63%, H 14.37%
Line Formula: H2C=CHCH3
Literature References: Obtained from petr oils during the refining of gasoline. Catalytic or thermal cracking of hydrocarbons always yields propylene. Can be obtained by catalytic dehydrogenation of propane. Chronic toxicity studies: J. A. Quest et al., Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 76, 288 (1984). Reviews: R. F. Goldstein, The Petroleum Chemicals Industry (New York-London, 1949) p 114 sqq.; Sherwood, Ind. Chem. 1960, 542-546; Chim. Ind. (Paris) 1961, 576-587; Haney, "Ethylene, Propylene and 1-Butene" in Vinyl and Diene Monomers, E. C. Leonard, Ed. (Interscience, New York, 1971) pp 577-689; M. R. Schoenberg et al., in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology vol. 19 (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 3rd ed., 1982) pp 228-246. Review of carcinogenic risk: IARC Monographs 60, 161-180 (1994).
Properties: Flammable gas. Burns with yellow sooty flame. d 1.49 (air = 1.0). mp (triple pt) -185°. bp760 -48°. Critical temp 91.8°. Critical pressure 45.6 atm. Heat of fusion 717.6 cal/mol. Liquefies at 7-8 atm. d420 (liq) 0.5139. Flammable limits in air: 2.4-10.3% (by volume). Latent heat of vaporization at bp: 104.62 cal/g. Dipole moment 0.35. nD-40 1.3567. Surface tension at 90°: 16.70 dynes/cm. Shipped as a liquefied gas in low pressure steel cylinders under its own vapor pressure of ~136 pounds per square inch. Contaminants are propane, ethane, carbon dioxide.
Melting point: mp (triple pt) -185°
Boiling point: bp760 -48°
Index of refraction: nD-40 1.3567
Density: d 1.49 (air = 1.0); d420 (liq) 0.5139
CAUTION: Gas may act as a simple asphyxiant and mild anesthetic. Direct contact with liquid may cause skin burns. See Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology Vol. 2B, G. D. Clayton, F. E. Clayton, Eds. (John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 4th ed., 1994) p 1244-1245.
Use: In polymerized form as polypropylene for plastics and carpet fibers. Chemical intermediate in the manuf of acetone, isopropylbenzene, isopropanol, isopropyl halides, propylene oxide, acrylonitrile, cumene. |