Title: Isopropyl Alcohol
CAS Registry Number: 67-63-0
CAS Name: 2-Propanol
Additional Names: isopropanol; secondary propyl alcohol; dimethyl carbinol; petrohol
Molecular Formula: C3H8O
Molecular Weight: 60.10
Percent Composition: C 59.95%, H 13.42%, O 26.62%
Line Formula: CH3CHOHCH3
Literature References: Manuf from propylene: Faith, Keyes & Clark's Industrial Chemicals, F. A. Lowenheim, M. K. Moran, Eds. (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 4th ed., 1975) pp 496-501. Monograph: L. F. Hatch, Isopropyl Alcohol (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1961) 184 pp. Toxicity: Smyth, Carpenter, J. Ind. Hyg. Toxicol. 30, 63 (1948).
Properties: Flammable liq. Slight odor resembling that of a mixture of ethanol and acetone. Slightly bitter taste (not potable!). mp -88.5°; fp -89.5°. bp760 82.5°; bp400 67.8°; bp200 53.0°; bp100 39.5°; bp60 30.5°; bp40 23.8°, bp20 12.7°; bp10 2.4°; bp5 -7.0°; bp1.0 -26.1°. d420 0.78505; d425 0.78084; d483 0.728. Flash pt, closed cup: 11.7°C (53°F). Autoignition temp 455.6°C (852°F). Lower explosive limit in air: 2.5% (v/v). nD8 1.3852; nD15 1.3802; nD20 1.37723; nD25 1.3749. Absorption spectrum: Brode, J. Phys. Chem. 30, 61 (1926). Miscible with water, alcohol, ether, chloroform. Insol in salt solns. May be recovered from aq mixtures by salting out with sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide, etc. Forms an azeotrope with water (bp760 80.37°, d40 0.83361) isopropanol 87.7% (w/w). Freezing points of mixtures with water (v/v, per cent by volume): Isopropanol 15% = -3.3°; 25% = -6.7°; 30% = -8.3°; 35% = -11.1°; 40% = -13°; 45% = -17.8°; 50% = -23°; 60% = -32°. LD50 orally in rats: 5.8 g/kg (Smyth, Carpenter).
Melting point: mp -88.5°
Boiling point: bp760 82.5°; bp400 67.8°; bp200 53.0°; bp100 39.5°; bp60 30.5°; bp40 23.8°; bp20 12.7°; bp10 2.4°; bp5 -7.0°; bp1.0 -26.1°; bp760 80.37°
Flash point: Flash pt, closed cup: 11.7°C (53°F)
Index of refraction: nD8 1.3852; nD15 1.3802; nD20 1.37723; nD25 1.3749
Density: d420 0.78505; d425 0.78084; d483 0.728; d40 0.83361
Toxicity data: LD50 orally in rats: 5.8 g/kg (Smyth, Carpenter)
CAUTION: Potential symptoms of overexposure are irritation of eyes, nose and throat; drowsiness, dizziness and headache; dry cracking skin. See NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards (DHHS/NIOSH 97-140, 1997) p 180.
Use: In antifreeze compositions; as solvent for gums, shellac, essential oils; in the extraction of alkaloids; in quick-drying oils; in quick-drying inks; in denaturing ethyl alcohol; in body rubs; hand lotions, after-shave lotions and similar cosmetics. Solvent for creosote, resins, gums; in manuf of acetone, glycerol, isopropyl acetate. Pharmaceutic aid (solvent).
Therap-Cat: Antiseptic.
Therap-Cat-Vet: Antiseptic, rubefacient.
Keywords: Antiseptic/Disinfectant; Alcohols. |