Title: Arsenic Trioxide
CAS Registry Number: 1327-53-3
Additional Names: Arsenous acid; arsenous acid anhydride; arsenous oxide; arsenic sesquioxide; white arsenic
Trademarks: Trisenox (Cell Therapeutics)
Molecular Formula: As2O3
Molecular Weight: 197.84
Percent Composition: As 75.74%, O 24.26%
Literature References: Commercially important form of arsenic, q.v. By-product in the smelting of copper. Has been used in traditional medicine; induces apoptosis in leukemic cells. Prepn: Schenk in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry vol. 1, G. Brauer, Ed. (Academic Press, New York, 2nd ed., 1963) p 600. Studies of antileukemic mechanisms: Z. Chen et al., Pharmacol. Ther. 76, 141 (1997); J. Dai et al., Blood 93, 268 (1999). Clinical evaluation in acute promyelocytic leukemia: S. L. Soignet et al., N. Engl. J. Med. 339, 1341 (1998). Acute toxicity: J. Harrison et al., Arch. Ind. Health 17, 118 (1958). Review of production, properties and uses: S. C. Carapella, Jr. in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology vol. 3 (John Wiley & Sons, 4th ed., 1992) pp 626-629; G. O. Doak, ibid. pp 633-638. Review of use in glass industry: J. T. Kohli, Key Eng. Mater. 94-95, 363-378 (1994). Review of toxicology: A. K. Done, A. J. Peart, Clin. Toxicol. 4, 343-355 (1971); Cah. Notes Doc. 136, 543-548 (1989); and human exposure: Toxicological Profile for Arsenic (PB2000-108021, 2000) 468 pp.
Properties: Two crystalline modifications exist. Claudetite: thermodynamically stable, monoclinic form, mp 313°. Arsenolite: the commonly occurring, octahedral or cubic form; white solid, sublimes freely above 135°, mp 275°. bp 465°. Extremely poisonous! Sparingly and extremely slowly sol in cold water; sol in 15 parts boiling water, in dil HCl, in alkali hydroxide or carbonate solns. Practically insol in alc, chloroform, ether. LD50 in mice, rats (mg/kg): 39.4, 15.1 orally (Harrison).
Melting point: mp 313°; mp 275°
Boiling point: bp 465°
Toxicity data: LD50 in mice, rats (mg/kg): 39.4, 15.1 orally (Harrison)
Use: Starting material for various arsenic compounds. Decolorizer and fining agent in manuf of glass. In wood preservatives, weed killers, rodenticides.
Therap-Cat: Antineoplastic.
Therap-Cat-Vet: Has been used as ectoparasiticide.
Keywords: Antineoplastic. |